| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
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and are called true fruits. Although in most of the species, fruits are the results of fertilisation, there are a few species Reprint 2026-27 HEUMA... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
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seed is of the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera discovered during the archeological excavation at King Herod’s palace near the Dead Sea. After comple... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
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the embryo sac and develop into the embryos. In such species each ovule contains many embryos. Occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed is refe... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
1 |
the microsporangium, undergo meiosis (microsporogenesis) to form tetrads of microspores. Individual microspores mature into pollen grains. Pollen g... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
1 |
these fusions are the diploid zygote and the triploid primary endosperm nucleus (in the primary endosperm cell). Zygote develops into the embryo an... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
1 |
What is triple fusion? Where and how does it take place? Name the nuclei involved in triple fusion. 12. Why do you think the zygote is dormant for ... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
CHAPTER 10 BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS 10.1 Biotechnological Applications in Biotechnology, as you would have learnt from the Agriculture pr... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
from explants, i.e., any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in special nutrient media. This capacity to g... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
is called somatic hybridisation. Imagine a situation when a protoplast of tomato is fused with that of potato, and then they are grown – to form ne... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
certain insects such as lepidopterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies, mosquitoes). B. thuringiensis forms... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
an infection by viruses having RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediate. Using Agrobacterium vec... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
of the bacteria and make as much insulin as you need. Think about whether insulin can be orally administered to diabetic people or not. Why? Insuli... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
The disorder is caused due to the deletion of the gene for adenosine deaminase. In some children ADA deficiency can be cured by bone marrow transpl... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
suspected AIDS patients. It is being used to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients too. It is a powerful techqnique to identify ma... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
2026-27 BIOLOGY (iii) Biological products: Medicines required to treat certain human diseases can contain biological products, but such products ar... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
growing public anger that certain companies are being granted patents for products and technologies that make use of the genetic materials, plants ... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
nations are rich financially but poor in biodiversity and traditional knowledge. In contrast the developing and the underdeveloped world is rich in... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
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was observed in case of similar products isolated from non-human sources. Human insulin is made in bacteria yet its structure is absolutely identic... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
10 |
9. Digrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human gene (say the gene for growth hormone) into a bacterium like... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
12 |
in biomass at higher trophic levels Figure 12.4 (c) Inverted pyramid of biomass-small standing crop of phytoplankton supports large standing crop o... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
11 |
Diversity is not only a characteristic of living organisms but Chapter 11 Organisms and Populations alsoofcontentinbiologytextbooks.Biologyispresen... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
11 |
Forests (1984). Reprint 2026-27 CHAPTER 11 ORGANISMS AND POPULATIONS 11.1 Populations Our living world is fascinatingly diverse and amazingly compl... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
11 |
resulting from even asexual reproduction is also generally considered a population for the purpose of ecological studies. All the cormorants in a w... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
11 |
reflects the growth status of the population - (a) whether it is growing, (b) stable or (c) declining. Reprint 2026-27 BIOLOGY Figure 11.1 Represen... |
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| Class XII |
Biology |
Biology |
4 |
betweentrue-breedingred-flowered(RR)andtruebreedingwhite-floweredplants(rr), theF (Rr)was pink (Figure4.6). When the F1wasself-pollinated the F2res... |
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