Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 biotechnology through GM crops You have already studied about GM crops and its application in Chapter 4 of the book. Almost 29 countries adopted GM...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 Ready GM crop plants, such as canola, soybean, corn and cotton, tolerant to glyphosate have already been commercialised. Disease resistant GM crops...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 that acts as a natural defensin which protects the plant from Botrytis cinerea infection. A gene of resveratrol when inserted into the host plant p...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 prompted the researchers to strategise on its control by using pyramided, i.e., stacking of two or more genes in a single crop plant for insect res...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 enhanced and Tobacco germination rates and increased biomass Rice Embryogenesis abundant More tolerant to drought and salinity protein gene from ba...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 technology, in which guide RNA bound to target DNA and Cas9 is used to edit genes in diverse plants. Scientists at the University of California San...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 The organ transplantation may be of three types: 1. Autograft – Transplantation of cells, tissues or organs between sites within the same individua...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 number of models have been developed across organismal hierarchy, to address definite questions across biology and medicine. Each model system has ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 larger multiplexed systems, e.g., humanon-a-chip. Bioengineers have long aspired to deconstruct biological systems and manipulate or reconstruct th...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 2D cell culture Small 3D aggregates Spheroids t u Magnetic Hanging l levitation drop u C l e C Microfluidic Organoids technology D Organ-on-chip Bi...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 surgery. ‘Dermagraft’, a in vitro Drug Tissue patch of allogenic fibroblast dermal disease model screening engineering substitute, is used for diab...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 change in one of the physical characteristics Atom C DNA Protein Virus Bacteria Red Pollen Sand 60 Diameter Blood Cell 0.1 nm 1 nm 2 nm wide 10 nm ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 Liposome Similarly, cadmium–selenium (CdSe) nanocrystals of different sizes produce different colours of fluorescence, whichdoesnotquenchwithlight(...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 • Anti-bacterial coatings Fig. 12.7: Nanotechnology an enabling technology relevant to every aspect of life low systemic toxicity and reduced amoun...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 reduce pigmentation and provide many other beneficial effects. Recent Innovations in Biotech... 313 Reprint 2025-26 (c) Agriculture and food packag...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 12.5 S ynthEtic B iology Traditionally, scientists have used two major strategies to study organisms. First is a reductionist approach that involve...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 approaches for engineering new biological systems or re-designing existing ones for useful purpose. Recent Innovations in Biotech... Reprint 2025-2...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 This strategy has been so successful that a chemically synthesised and a fully functional yeast chromosome was made by scientists at the John Hopki...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 chemicals and bio-material conversion processes. A number of non-food crops, improved with sustainable management, have gone through the regulatory...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 and nurture a vibrant start-up, entrepreneurial, and industrial base, connecting academia and industry. It focuses strengthening and nurturing of a...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 availability of stem cell derived organoid systems to provide 3D self-organised tissue models provides a compelling new class of biological model t...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 generating organoids and spheroids. 6. What are nanomaterials? 7. Are there specific health risks from nano products? 8. Organoids can be created f...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 12 explanation of the assertion. (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (d) Both assertion and reason are false. 322 BiotechnologyXII Reprint 2025-26
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 Entrepreneurship Chapter 13 Entrepreneurs are the harbingers of prosperous society. 13.1 Concept of An entrepreneur not only creates employment but...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 key problem. It’s the constant hunger for making things better and the idea that you are never satisfied with how things are.” – Debbie Roxarzade, ...