Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 regarded as the panacea for the unemployed in an economy. Self-employment empowers an individual and helps in bringing about the social change for ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 hailing from a rural background and born in a village Nemili in Tamil Nadu, started his early education from the same village, had his share of ups...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 which ® made in India. Dr. Ella and his team developed COVAXIN , the inactivated whole virus and adjuvanted vaccine, in a record time of just eight...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 An entrepreneur is a person who takes risks to start a business venture in order to earn profit. They foresee the opportunities for products and se...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 be working towards innovation or improvement of the existing products, services and processes and should have the potential to generate employment ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 plan. Loans for start-ups typically require a personal guarantee from the entrepreneur. 13.3 e ntrepreneurship in B ioteChnology 13.3.1 Significanc...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 setting up biotechnology enterprise demands knowledge of economic conditions, decision making ability and risktaking ability between a General entr...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 in the business). Step 2: Identification of founders and key personnel A new entrepreneur must look for like-minded individuals, who can join the t...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 to keep the market sentiments positive to establish and grow. 13.4 C onCept of ipr The proprietary aspect is the key feature of biotechnology of mo...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 the recommendations was the allowance of only process patents with regard to the inventions relating to drugs, medicines, food and chemicals. Later...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 place. The accessibility of these methods along with the central doctrine of molecular biology, i.e., DNA is transcripted into RNA, which in turn i...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 others. (d) Copyright Copyright is a right given by the law to the creator of literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work and the producers of ci...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 or injunctions. India’s legal framework is also aligned with international standards under TRIPS, although trade secret protection in India is more...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 Research (CSIR) challenged the patent, presenting documented evidence from ancient texts and publications that turmeric’s wound-healing properties ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 is an individual who undertakes an activity foreseeing business opportunity. They organise resources needed for starting the enterprise and also be...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 biotech enterprise, these are—Need assessment, Identification of founders and key personnel, Getting a legal expert, Incorporate the company as a L...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 funds for a new venture? 6. Elaborate the significance of a Biotechnology Entrepreneur. 7. Identify the similarities and differences between Genera...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 13 A business plan is usually not required when obtaining finance for a startup. (c) If a business plan is completed for a start-up, it may help the e...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 2 Chapter Host–Vector System Recombinant DNA technology is a two component system 2.1 Two Key involving a compatible host and a vector. A variety of ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 3 to cells at high velocity so that foreign DNA molecule enters inside the cell (Fig. 3.12). 42 BiotechnologyXII Reprint 2025-26 DNA (a) Ca++ Ca++ Ca...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 2 cell and should not consider the recombinant Recombinant DNA as a foreign DNA and degrade it. DNA multiplied The host must supply all the required ...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 2 tetracycline (tet ) and ampicillin (amp )]. A variety of both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic vectors are given in (Fig. 2.2). Two component syst...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 2 copies of these plasmids per cell (10–30 copies) [Fig. 2.3(a)]. Chromosomal DNA Plasmid DNA replication, cell division and random segregation of DN...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 2 reduced to 4,361 bp by deleting most of unique cloning sites for restriction enzymes (PstI, EcoRI, BamHI, SalI, the non-essential sequences of pBR3...
Class XII Biotechnology Biotechnology 3 (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (d) Both assertion and reason are false. 66 BiotechnologyXII Reprint 2025-26