Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 carbocation formed in the slow step being sp 2 hybridised is planar (achiral). The attack of the nucleophile may be accomplished from either side o...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 An alkyl halide with b-hydrogen atoms when reacted with a base or a nucleophile has two competing routes: substitution (S 1 and S 2) and eliminatio...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 with Paul Sabatier who had made advances in nickel catalysed hydrogenation. In the Grignard reagent, the carbon-magnesium bond is covalent but high...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 halide gives an alkylarene when treated with sodium in dry ether and is called Wurtz-Fittig reaction. Fittig reaction Aryl halides also give analog...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 safer anaesthetics, such as ether. As might be expected from its use as an anaesthetic, inhaling chloroform vapours depresses the central nervous s...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 contact. When carbon tetrachloride is released into the air, it rises to the atmosphere and depletes the ozone layer. Depletion of the 187 Haloalka...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 rapidly by animals; instead, it is deposited and stored in the fatty tissues. If ingestion continues at a steady rate, DDT builds up within the ani...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 C H Cl in br5gh9 sunlight. Identify the hydrocarbon. 6.6 Write the isomers of the compound having formula C H Br. 4 9 6.7 Write the equations for t...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 nBuBr + KCN nBuCN 6.16 Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards S 2 N displacement: (i) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopent...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis, (iv) ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH, (v) methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presenc...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 Unit Objectives Alcohols, Phenols After studying this Unit, you will be able to and Ethers • name alcohols, phenols and ethers according to the IUP...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 (CH 3H) while a phenol contains –OH group(s) directly attached to carbon atom(s) of an aromatic system (C 6 O5). The substitution of a hydrogen ato...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 Fig. 7.1: Structures of methanol, phenol and methoxymethane Chemistry 198 Reprint 2026-27 The bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetr...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 oxidised to reported by H.C. Brown in 1959. For alcohol by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of aqueous sodium his studies on boron hydroxide. cont...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 XII) with aldehydes and ketones. The first step of the reaction is the nucleophilic addition of Grignard reagent to the carbonyl group to form an a...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 2 + N 2 HCl +HCl Warm Aniline Benzene diazonium chloride Most of the worldwide 4. From cumene production of phenol is from cumene. Phenol is manufa...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 is lacking in ethers and hydrocarbons. Solubility Solubility of alcohols and phenols in water is due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with w...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 negative charge is localised on oxygen while in phenoxide ion, the charge is delocalised. The delocalisation of negative charge (structures I-V) ma...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 of a small amount of concentrated sulphuric analgesic, anti- acid. The reaction is reversible, and therefore, water is removed as inflammatory and ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 stable and therefore are easier toStep 1: Formation of protonated alcohol. form than secondary and primary carbocations; tertiary alcohols are the ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 heated copper at 573 K, dehydrogenation takes place and an aldehyde or a ketone is formed while tertiary alcohols undergo dehydration. Biological o...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 The yield of the reaction product is poor. facilitate the release of hydrogen ion. Nowadays picric acid is prepared by treating phenol first with c...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 substituted benzal chloride is hydrolysed in the presence of alkali to produce salicylaldehyde. 4. Reaction of phenol with zinc dust Phenol is conv...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 of an enzyme, invertase. Glucose and fructose undergo fermentation in the presence of another enzyme, zymase, which is found in yeast. In wine maki...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 been used widely as an inhalation anaesthetic. But due to its slow effect and an unpleasant recovery The formation of ether is a nucleophilic bimol...