Class name Subject Book title Chapter number Content Created at
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 by considering the number of units in a week can be easily measured sold, increase in market share, etc., against the standard output for the where...
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 If anything goes wrong at the critical points, standard (say, 5 per cent), the the entire organisation suffers. matter has to receive immediate For...
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 at appropriate might involve assigning of additional workers and equipment to the level. Step 5: Taking Corrective Action: project and permission f...
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 controlling exercise loses some of its effectiveness. n The process of control involves setting performance standards, measurement of actual perfor...
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 consecutively. Mr.Arfaaz approached MsVasundhara, the CEO of the Company, to file a complaint against MrBhanu Prasad and requested her to terminate...
Class XII Business Studies Business Studies-I 8 set plan. He also suggested him to keep a track of the performance of all the employees in the organisation so that targets are achieved effectivel...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 Unit Objectives Haloalkanes and After studying this Unit, you will be able to Haloarenes • name haloalkanes and haloarenes according to the IUPAC s...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 follows: These may be classified as mono, di, or polyhalogen (tri-,tetra-, etc.) 6.1.1 On the Basis of compounds depending on whether they contain ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 Nomenclature Havinglearnttheclassificationofhalogenatedcompounds,letusnowlearn how these are named. The common names of alkyl halides are derived b...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 162 Reprint 2026-27 o (CH 3 2HCHBrCH 3 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane(2 ) (CH 3 2BrCH C2 3 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane (3 ) o o CH C3 C2(CH )CH3Br 2-Bromo-2-met...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 of a catalyst, ZnCl 2 With tertiary alcohols, the reaction is conducted by simply shaking the alcohol with concentrated HCl at room temperature. Co...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 possible monochloro structural isomers expected to be Example 6.3 formed on free radical monochlorination of (CH )3 2CH CH 2 3 In the given molecul...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 diazonium salt with cuprous chloride or cuprous bromide results in the replacement of the diazonium group by –Cl or –Br. Replacement of the diazoni...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 2 and IUPAC Names of Some Ethers Compound Common name IUPAC name CH 3CH 3 Dimethyl ether Methoxymethane C2H5OC 2 5 Diethyl ether Ethoxyethane CH 3CH ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 RI> RBr> RCl> RF. This is because with the increase in size and mass of halogen atom, the magnitude of van der Waal forces increases. Fig. 6.1: Com...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 1. Nucleophilic substitution 6.7.1 Reactions of 2. Elimination reactions 3. Reaction with metals. Haloalkanes (1)Nucleophilic substitution reaction...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 in two different ways [ C”N « :C=N ], i.e., linking through Chemistry 170 Reprint 2026-27 Haloalkanes react with KCN to form alkyl cyanides as main...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 and a new bond is formed between mechanism for an S 2 carbon and attacking nucleophile. Here it is C-O bond formed between reaction. N C and -OH. T...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 Since this reaction requires the approach of the nucleophile to the Ingold and earned a D.Sc. degree from the carbon bearing the leaving group, the...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 the rate of reaction. In case of alkyl halides, 3 alkyl halides undergo S 1 reacNion very fast because of the high stability of 3 carbocations. We ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 of greater electron donating inductive effect of (CH ) CH- group. Ther3 2re, (CH ) CHCH Br is more reactive than CH CH CH CH Br in S 1 reactions. 3...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 certain compounds. Such compounds are called optically active compounds. The angle William Nicol (1768- by which the plane polarised light is rotat...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 stereocentre. solutions. The resulting molecule would lack symmetry and is referred to as asymmetric molecule. The asymmetry of the molecule along ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 molecule The stereoisomers related to each other as nonand its mirror imagesuperimposable mirror images are called enantiomers (Fig. 6.7). A and B ...
Class XII Chemistry Chemistry-II 1 has changed in the product. This is so because two different compounds with same configuration at asymmetric centre may have different optical rota...